What is the general solution for 2sin(x)+cot(x)=csc(x) ?

The general solution for 2sin(x)+cot(x)=csc(x) is x=(2pi)/3+2pin,x=(4pi)/3+2pin

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2sin(x)+cot(x)=csc(x)

Solution

2 sin (x) + cot (x) = csc (x)

Solution

x = \frac{2 π}{3} + 2 πn, x = \frac{4 π}{3} + 2 πn

Degrees

x = 12 0^{\circ} + 36 0^{\circ} n, x = 24 0^{\circ} + 36 0^{\circ} n

Solution steps

2 sin (x) + cot (x) = csc (x)

Subtract

csc (x)

from both sides

2 sin (x) + cot (x) - csc (x) = 0

Express with sin, cos

2 sin (x) + \frac{cos ( x )}{sin ( x )} - \frac{1}{sin ( x )} = 0

Simplify

2 sin (x) + \frac{cos ( x )}{sin ( x )} - \frac{1}{sin ( x )} : \frac{2 sin ^{2} ( x ) + cos ( x ) - 1}{sin ( x )}

2 sin (x) + \frac{cos ( x )}{sin ( x )} - \frac{1}{sin ( x )}

Combine the fractions

\frac{cos ( x )}{sin ( x )} - \frac{1}{sin ( x )} : \frac{cos ( x ) - 1}{sin ( x )}

Apply rule

\frac{a}{c} \pm \frac{b}{c} = \frac{a \pm b}{c}

= \frac{cos ( x ) - 1}{sin ( x )}

= 2 sin (x) + \frac{cos ( x ) - 1}{sin ( x )}

Convert element to fraction:

2 sin (x) = \frac{2 sin ( x ) sin ( x )}{sin ( x )}

= \frac{2 sin ( x ) sin ( x )}{sin ( x )} + \frac{cos ( x ) - 1}{sin ( x )}

Since the denominators are equal, combine the fractions:

\frac{a}{c} \pm \frac{b}{c} = \frac{a \pm b}{c}

= \frac{2 sin ( x ) sin ( x ) + cos ( x ) - 1}{sin ( x )}

2 sin (x) sin (x) + cos (x) - 1 = 2 sin^{2} (x) + cos (x) - 1

2 sin (x) sin (x) + cos (x) - 1

2 sin (x) sin (x) = 2 sin^{2} (x)

2 sin (x) sin (x)

Apply exponent rule:

a^{b} \cdot a^{c} = a^{b + c}

sin (x) sin (x) = sin^{1 + 1} (x)

= 2 sin^{1 + 1} (x)

Add the numbers:

1 + 1 = 2

= 2 sin^{2} (x)

= 2 sin^{2} (x) + cos (x) - 1

= \frac{2 sin ^{2} ( x ) + cos ( x ) - 1}{sin ( x )}

\frac{2 sin ^{2} ( x ) + cos ( x ) - 1}{sin ( x )} = 0

\frac{f ( x )}{g ( x )} = 0 \Rightarrow f (x) = 0

2 sin^{2} (x) + cos (x) - 1 = 0

Subtract

cos (x)

from both sides

2 sin^{2} (x) - 1 = - cos (x)

Square both sides

(2 sin^{2} (x) - 1)^{2} = (- cos (x))^{2}

Subtract

(- cos (x))^{2}

from both sides

(2 sin^{2} (x) - 1)^{2} - cos^{2} (x) = 0

Factor

(2 sin^{2} (x) - 1)^{2} - cos^{2} (x) : (2 sin^{2} (x) - 1 + cos (x)) (2 sin^{2} (x) - 1 - cos (x))

(2 sin^{2} (x) - 1)^{2} - cos^{2} (x)

Apply Difference of Two Squares Formula:

x^{2} - y^{2} = (x + y) (x - y)

(2 sin^{2} (x) - 1)^{2} - cos^{2} (x) = ((2 sin^{2} (x) - 1) + cos (x)) ((2 sin^{2} (x) - 1) - cos (x))

= ((2 sin^{2} (x) - 1) + cos (x)) ((2 sin^{2} (x) - 1) - cos (x))

Refine

= (2 sin^{2} (x) + cos (x) - 1) (2 sin^{2} (x) - cos (x) - 1)

(2 sin^{2} (x) - 1 + cos (x)) (2 sin^{2} (x) - 1 - cos (x)) = 0

Solving each part separately

2 sin^{2} (x) - 1 + cos (x) = 0 or 2 sin^{2} (x) - 1 - cos (x) = 0

2 sin^{2} (x) - 1 + cos (x) = 0 : x = \frac{2 π}{3} + 2 πn, x = \frac{4 π}{3} + 2 πn, x = 2 πn

2 sin^{2} (x) - 1 + cos (x) = 0

Rewrite using trig identities

- 1 + cos (x) + 2 sin^{2} (x)

Use the Pythagorean identity:

cos^{2} (x) + sin^{2} (x) = 1

sin^{2} (x) = 1 - cos^{2} (x)

= - 1 + cos (x) + 2 (1 - cos^{2} (x))

Simplify

- 1 + cos (x) + 2 (1 - cos^{2} (x)) : cos (x) - 2 cos^{2} (x) + 1

- 1 + cos (x) + 2 (1 - cos^{2} (x))

Expand

2 (1 - cos^{2} (x)) : 2 - 2 cos^{2} (x)

2 (1 - cos^{2} (x))

Apply the distributive law:

a (b - c) = ab - a c

a = 2, b = 1, c = cos^{2} (x)

= 2 \cdot 1 - 2 cos^{2} (x)

Multiply the numbers:

2 \cdot 1 = 2

= 2 - 2 cos^{2} (x)

= - 1 + cos (x) + 2 - 2 cos^{2} (x)

Simplify

- 1 + cos (x) + 2 - 2 cos^{2} (x) : cos (x) - 2 cos^{2} (x) + 1

- 1 + cos (x) + 2 - 2 cos^{2} (x)

Group like terms

= cos (x) - 2 cos^{2} (x) - 1 + 2

Add/Subtract the numbers:

- 1 + 2 = 1

= cos (x) - 2 cos^{2} (x) + 1

= cos (x) - 2 cos^{2} (x) + 1

= cos (x) - 2 cos^{2} (x) + 1

1 + cos (x) - 2 cos^{2} (x) = 0

Solve by substitution

1 + cos (x) - 2 cos^{2} (x) = 0

Let:

cos (x) = u

1 + u - 2 u^{2} = 0

1 + u - 2 u^{2} = 0 : u = - \frac{1}{2}, u = 1

1 + u - 2 u^{2} = 0

Write in the standard form

a x^{2} + b x + c = 0

- 2 u^{2} + u + 1 = 0

Solve with the quadratic formula

- 2 u^{2} + u + 1 = 0

Quadratic Equation Formula:

For

a = - 2, b = 1, c = 1

u_{1, 2} = \frac{- 1 \pm 1 ^{2} - 4 ( - 2 ) \cdot 1}{2 ( - 2 )}

u_{1, 2} = \frac{- 1 \pm 1 ^{2} - 4 ( - 2 ) \cdot 1}{2 ( - 2 )}

1^{2} - 4 (- 2) \cdot 1 = 3

1^{2} - 4 (- 2) \cdot 1

Apply rule

1^{a} = 1

1^{2} = 1

= 1 - 4 (- 2) \cdot 1

Apply rule

- (- a) = a

= 1 + 4 \cdot 2 \cdot 1

Multiply the numbers:

4 \cdot 2 \cdot 1 = 8

= 1 + 8

Add the numbers:

1 + 8 = 9

= 9

Factor the number:

9 = 3^{2}

= 3^{2}

Apply radical rule:

3^{2} = 3

= 3

u_{1, 2} = \frac{- 1 \pm 3}{2 ( - 2 )}

Separate the solutions

u_{1} = \frac{- 1 + 3}{2 ( - 2 )}, u_{2} = \frac{- 1 - 3}{2 ( - 2 )}

u = \frac{- 1 + 3}{2 ( - 2 )} : - \frac{1}{2}

\frac{- 1 + 3}{2 ( - 2 )}

Remove parentheses:

(- a) = - a

= \frac{- 1 + 3}{- 2 \cdot 2}

Add/Subtract the numbers:

- 1 + 3 = 2

= \frac{2}{- 2 \cdot 2}

Multiply the numbers:

2 \cdot 2 = 4

= \frac{2}{- 4}

Apply the fraction rule:

\frac{a}{- b} = - \frac{a}{b}

= - \frac{2}{4}

Cancel the common factor:

2

= - \frac{1}{2}

u = \frac{- 1 - 3}{2 ( - 2 )} : 1

\frac{- 1 - 3}{2 ( - 2 )}

Remove parentheses:

(- a) = - a

= \frac{- 1 - 3}{- 2 \cdot 2}

Subtract the numbers:

- 1 - 3 = - 4

= \frac{- 4}{- 2 \cdot 2}

Multiply the numbers:

2 \cdot 2 = 4

= \frac{- 4}{- 4}

Apply the fraction rule:

\frac{- a}{- b} = \frac{a}{b}

= \frac{4}{4}

Apply rule

\frac{a}{a} = 1

= 1

The solutions to the quadratic equation are:

u = - \frac{1}{2}, u = 1

Substitute back

u = cos (x)

cos (x) = - \frac{1}{2}, cos (x) = 1

cos (x) = - \frac{1}{2}, cos (x) = 1

cos (x) = - \frac{1}{2} : x = \frac{2 π}{3} + 2 πn, x = \frac{4 π}{3} + 2 πn

cos (x) = - \frac{1}{2}

General solutions for

cos (x) = - \frac{1}{2}

cos (x)

periodicity table with

2 πn

cycle:

x 0 \frac{π}{6} \frac{π}{4} \frac{π}{3} \frac{π}{2} \frac{2 π}{3} \frac{3 π}{4} \frac{5 π}{6} cos (x) 1 \frac{3}{2} \frac{2}{2} \frac{1}{2} 0 - \frac{1}{2} - \frac{2}{2} - \frac{3}{2} x π \frac{7 π}{6} \frac{5 π}{4} \frac{4 π}{3} \frac{3 π}{2} \frac{5 π}{3} \frac{7 π}{4} \frac{11 π}{6} cos (x) - 1 - \frac{3}{2} - \frac{2}{2} - \frac{1}{2} 0 \frac{1}{2} \frac{2}{2} \frac{3}{2}

x = \frac{2 π}{3} + 2 πn, x = \frac{4 π}{3} + 2 πn

x = \frac{2 π}{3} + 2 πn, x = \frac{4 π}{3} + 2 πn

cos (x) = 1 : x = 2 πn

cos (x) = 1

General solutions for

cos (x) = 1

cos (x)

periodicity table with

2 πn

cycle:

x 0 \frac{π}{6} \frac{π}{4} \frac{π}{3} \frac{π}{2} \frac{2 π}{3} \frac{3 π}{4} \frac{5 π}{6} cos (x) 1 \frac{3}{2} \frac{2}{2} \frac{1}{2} 0 - \frac{1}{2} - \frac{2}{2} - \frac{3}{2} x π \frac{7 π}{6} \frac{5 π}{4} \frac{4 π}{3} \frac{3 π}{2} \frac{5 π}{3} \frac{7 π}{4} \frac{11 π}{6} cos (x) - 1 - \frac{3}{2} - \frac{2}{2} - \frac{1}{2} 0 \frac{1}{2} \frac{2}{2} \frac{3}{2}

x = 0 + 2 πn

x = 0 + 2 πn

Solve

x = 0 + 2 πn : x = 2 πn

x = 0 + 2 πn

0 + 2 πn = 2 πn

x = 2 πn

x = 2 πn

Combine all the solutions

x = \frac{2 π}{3} + 2 πn, x = \frac{4 π}{3} + 2 πn, x = 2 πn

2 sin^{2} (x) - 1 - cos (x) = 0 : x = π + 2 πn, x = \frac{π}{3} + 2 πn, x = \frac{5 π}{3} + 2 πn

2 sin^{2} (x) - 1 - cos (x) = 0

Rewrite using trig identities

- 1 - cos (x) + 2 sin^{2} (x)

Use the Pythagorean identity:

cos^{2} (x) + sin^{2} (x) = 1

sin^{2} (x) = 1 - cos^{2} (x)

= - 1 - cos (x) + 2 (1 - cos^{2} (x))

Simplify

- 1 - cos (x) + 2 (1 - cos^{2} (x)) : - 2 cos^{2} (x) - cos (x) + 1

- 1 - cos (x) + 2 (1 - cos^{2} (x))

Expand

2 (1 - cos^{2} (x)) : 2 - 2 cos^{2} (x)

2 (1 - cos^{2} (x))

Apply the distributive law:

a (b - c) = ab - a c

a = 2, b = 1, c = cos^{2} (x)

= 2 \cdot 1 - 2 cos^{2} (x)

Multiply the numbers:

2 \cdot 1 = 2

= 2 - 2 cos^{2} (x)

= - 1 - cos (x) + 2 - 2 cos^{2} (x)

Simplify

- 1 - cos (x) + 2 - 2 cos^{2} (x) : - 2 cos^{2} (x) - cos (x) + 1

- 1 - cos (x) + 2 - 2 cos^{2} (x)

Group like terms

= - cos (x) - 2 cos^{2} (x) - 1 + 2

Add/Subtract the numbers:

- 1 + 2 = 1

= - 2 cos^{2} (x) - cos (x) + 1

= - 2 cos^{2} (x) - cos (x) + 1

= - 2 cos^{2} (x) - cos (x) + 1

1 - cos (x) - 2 cos^{2} (x) = 0

Solve by substitution

1 - cos (x) - 2 cos^{2} (x) = 0

Let:

cos (x) = u

1 - u - 2 u^{2} = 0

1 - u - 2 u^{2} = 0 : u = - 1, u = \frac{1}{2}

1 - u - 2 u^{2} = 0

Write in the standard form

a x^{2} + b x + c = 0

- 2 u^{2} - u + 1 = 0

Solve with the quadratic formula

- 2 u^{2} - u + 1 = 0

Quadratic Equation Formula:

For

a = - 2, b = - 1, c = 1

u_{1, 2} = \frac{- ( - 1 ) \pm ( - 1 ) ^{2} - 4 ( - 2 ) \cdot 1}{2 ( - 2 )}

u_{1, 2} = \frac{- ( - 1 ) \pm ( - 1 ) ^{2} - 4 ( - 2 ) \cdot 1}{2 ( - 2 )}

(- 1)^{2} - 4 (- 2) \cdot 1 = 3

(- 1)^{2} - 4 (- 2) \cdot 1

Apply rule

- (- a) = a

= (- 1)^{2} + 4 \cdot 2 \cdot 1

(- 1)^{2} = 1

(- 1)^{2}

Apply exponent rule:

(- a)^{n} = a^{n},

n

is even

(- 1)^{2} = 1^{2}

= 1^{2}

Apply rule

1^{a} = 1

= 1

4 \cdot 2 \cdot 1 = 8

4 \cdot 2 \cdot 1

Multiply the numbers:

4 \cdot 2 \cdot 1 = 8

= 8

= 1 + 8

Add the numbers:

1 + 8 = 9

= 9

Factor the number:

9 = 3^{2}

= 3^{2}

Apply radical rule:

3^{2} = 3

= 3

u_{1, 2} = \frac{- ( - 1 ) \pm 3}{2 ( - 2 )}

Separate the solutions

u_{1} = \frac{- ( - 1 ) + 3}{2 ( - 2 )}, u_{2} = \frac{- ( - 1 ) - 3}{2 ( - 2 )}

u = \frac{- ( - 1 ) + 3}{2 ( - 2 )} : - 1

\frac{- ( - 1 ) + 3}{2 ( - 2 )}

Remove parentheses:

(- a) = - a, - (- a) = a

= \frac{1 + 3}{- 2 \cdot 2}

Add the numbers:

1 + 3 = 4

= \frac{4}{- 2 \cdot 2}

Multiply the numbers:

2 \cdot 2 = 4

= \frac{4}{- 4}

Apply the fraction rule:

\frac{a}{- b} = - \frac{a}{b}

= - \frac{4}{4}

Apply rule

\frac{a}{a} = 1

= - 1

u = \frac{- ( - 1 ) - 3}{2 ( - 2 )} : \frac{1}{2}

\frac{- ( - 1 ) - 3}{2 ( - 2 )}

Remove parentheses:

(- a) = - a, - (- a) = a

= \frac{1 - 3}{- 2 \cdot 2}

Subtract the numbers:

1 - 3 = - 2

= \frac{- 2}{- 2 \cdot 2}

Multiply the numbers:

2 \cdot 2 = 4

= \frac{- 2}{- 4}

Apply the fraction rule:

\frac{- a}{- b} = \frac{a}{b}

= \frac{2}{4}

Cancel the common factor:

2

= \frac{1}{2}

The solutions to the quadratic equation are:

u = - 1, u = \frac{1}{2}

Substitute back

u = cos (x)

cos (x) = - 1, cos (x) = \frac{1}{2}

cos (x) = - 1, cos (x) = \frac{1}{2}

cos (x) = - 1 : x = π + 2 πn

cos (x) = - 1

General solutions for

cos (x) = - 1

cos (x)

periodicity table with

2 πn

cycle:

x 0 \frac{π}{6} \frac{π}{4} \frac{π}{3} \frac{π}{2} \frac{2 π}{3} \frac{3 π}{4} \frac{5 π}{6} cos (x) 1 \frac{3}{2} \frac{2}{2} \frac{1}{2} 0 - \frac{1}{2} - \frac{2}{2} - \frac{3}{2} x π \frac{7 π}{6} \frac{5 π}{4} \frac{4 π}{3} \frac{3 π}{2} \frac{5 π}{3} \frac{7 π}{4} \frac{11 π}{6} cos (x) - 1 - \frac{3}{2} - \frac{2}{2} - \frac{1}{2} 0 \frac{1}{2} \frac{2}{2} \frac{3}{2}

x = π + 2 πn

x = π + 2 πn

cos (x) = \frac{1}{2} : x = \frac{π}{3} + 2 πn, x = \frac{5 π}{3} + 2 πn

cos (x) = \frac{1}{2}

General solutions for

cos (x) = \frac{1}{2}

cos (x)

periodicity table with

2 πn

cycle:

x 0 \frac{π}{6} \frac{π}{4} \frac{π}{3} \frac{π}{2} \frac{2 π}{3} \frac{3 π}{4} \frac{5 π}{6} cos (x) 1 \frac{3}{2} \frac{2}{2} \frac{1}{2} 0 - \frac{1}{2} - \frac{2}{2} - \frac{3}{2} x π \frac{7 π}{6} \frac{5 π}{4} \frac{4 π}{3} \frac{3 π}{2} \frac{5 π}{3} \frac{7 π}{4} \frac{11 π}{6} cos (x) - 1 - \frac{3}{2} - \frac{2}{2} - \frac{1}{2} 0 \frac{1}{2} \frac{2}{2} \frac{3}{2}

x = \frac{π}{3} + 2 πn, x = \frac{5 π}{3} + 2 πn

x = \frac{π}{3} + 2 πn, x = \frac{5 π}{3} + 2 πn

Combine all the solutions

x = π + 2 πn, x = \frac{π}{3} + 2 πn, x = \frac{5 π}{3} + 2 πn

Combine all the solutions

x = \frac{2 π}{3} + 2 πn, x = \frac{4 π}{3} + 2 πn, x = 2 πn, x = π + 2 πn, x = \frac{π}{3} + 2 πn, x = \frac{5 π}{3} + 2 πn

Verify solutions by plugging them into the original equation

Check the solutions by plugging them into

2 sin (x) + cot (x) = csc (x)

Remove the ones that don't agree with the equation.

Check the solution

\frac{2 π}{3} + 2 πn :

True

\frac{2 π}{3} + 2 πn

Plug in

n = 1

\frac{2 π}{3} + 2 π 1

For

2 sin (x) + cot (x) = csc (x)

plug in

x = \frac{2 π}{3} + 2 π 1

2 sin (\frac{2 π}{3} + 2 π 1) + cot (\frac{2 π}{3} + 2 π 1) = csc (\frac{2 π}{3} + 2 π 1)

Refine

1.15470 \dots = 1.15470 \dots

\Rightarrow True

Check the solution

\frac{4 π}{3} + 2 πn :

True

\frac{4 π}{3} + 2 πn

Plug in

n = 1

\frac{4 π}{3} + 2 π 1

For

2 sin (x) + cot (x) = csc (x)

plug in

x = \frac{4 π}{3} + 2 π 1

2 sin (\frac{4 π}{3} + 2 π 1) + cot (\frac{4 π}{3} + 2 π 1) = csc (\frac{4 π}{3} + 2 π 1)

Refine

- 1.15470 \dots = - 1.15470 \dots

\Rightarrow True

Check the solution

2 πn :

True

2 πn

Plug in

n = 1

2 π 1

For

2 sin (x) + cot (x) = csc (x)

plug in

x = 2 π 1

2 sin (2 π 1) + cot (2 π 1) = csc (2 π 1)

Refine

- \infty = - \infty

\Rightarrow True

Check the solution

π + 2 πn :

False

π + 2 πn

Plug in

n = 1

π + 2 π 1

For

2 sin (x) + cot (x) = csc (x)

plug in

x = π + 2 π 1

2 sin (π + 2 π 1) + cot (π + 2 π 1) = csc (π + 2 π 1)

Refine

- \infty = \infty

\Rightarrow False

Check the solution

\frac{π}{3} + 2 πn :

False

\frac{π}{3} + 2 πn

Plug in

n = 1

\frac{π}{3} + 2 π 1

For

2 sin (x) + cot (x) = csc (x)

plug in

x = \frac{π}{3} + 2 π 1

2 sin (\frac{π}{3} + 2 π 1) + cot (\frac{π}{3} + 2 π 1) = csc (\frac{π}{3} + 2 π 1)

Refine

2.30940 \dots = 1.15470 \dots

\Rightarrow False

Check the solution

\frac{5 π}{3} + 2 πn :

False

\frac{5 π}{3} + 2 πn

Plug in

n = 1

\frac{5 π}{3} + 2 π 1

For

2 sin (x) + cot (x) = csc (x)

plug in

x = \frac{5 π}{3} + 2 π 1

2 sin (\frac{5 π}{3} + 2 π 1) + cot (\frac{5 π}{3} + 2 π 1) = csc (\frac{5 π}{3} + 2 π 1)

Refine

- 2.30940 \dots = - 1.15470 \dots

\Rightarrow False

x = \frac{2 π}{3} + 2 πn, x = \frac{4 π}{3} + 2 πn, x = 2 πn

Since the equation is undefined for:

2 πn

x = \frac{2 π}{3} + 2 πn, x = \frac{4 π}{3} + 2 πn

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

What is the general solution for 2sin(x)+cot(x)=csc(x) ?
The general solution for 2sin(x)+cot(x)=csc(x) is x=(2pi)/3+2pin,x=(4pi)/3+2pin