integral from 0 to R of sqrt(R^2-x^2)

解

\int_{0}^{R} R^{2} - x^{2} d x

\frac{π}{4} R^{2}

解答ステップ

\int_{0}^{R} R^{2} - x^{2} d x

三角関数による置換を適用する

= \int_{0}^{\frac{π}{2}} R^{2} cos^{2} (u) d u

定数を除く:

\int a \cdot f (x) d x = a \cdot \int f (x) d x

= R^{2} \cdot \int_{0}^{\frac{π}{2}} cos^{2} (u) d u

三角関数の公式を使用して書き換える

= R^{2} \cdot \int_{0}^{\frac{π}{2}} \frac{1 + cos ( 2 u )}{2} d u

定数を除く:

\int a \cdot f (x) d x = a \cdot \int f (x) d x

= R^{2} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \int_{0}^{\frac{π}{2}} 1 + cos (2 u) d u

総和規則を適用する:

\int f (x) \pm g (x) d x = \int f (x) d x \pm \int g (x) d x

= R^{2} \frac{1}{2} (\int_{0}^{\frac{π}{2}} 1 d u + \int_{0}^{\frac{π}{2}} cos (2 u) d u)

\int_{0}^{\frac{π}{2}} 1 d u = \frac{π}{2}

\int_{0}^{\frac{π}{2}} cos (2 u) d u = 0

= R^{2} \frac{1}{2} (\frac{π}{2} + 0)

簡素化

R^{2} \frac{1}{2} (\frac{π}{2} + 0) : \frac{π}{4} R^{2}

= \frac{π}{4} R^{2}