解
∫x(x4+x2+1)21dx
解
−41ln4x4+4x2+4−631arctan(31(2x2+1))+631sin(2arctan(31(2x2+1)))−332arctan(32x2+1)−331sin(2arctan(32x2+1))+ln(x)+4(x4+x2+1)1+C
解答ステップ
∫x(x4+x2+1)21dx
u置換積分法を適用する
=∫2u(u2+u+1)21du
定数を除く: ∫a⋅f(x)dx=a⋅∫f(x)dx=21⋅∫u(u2+u+1)21du
以下の部分分数を得る: u(u2+u+1)21:u1+u2+u+1−u−1+(u2+u+1)2−u−1
=21⋅∫u1+u2+u+1−u−1+(u2+u+1)2−u−1du
総和規則を適用する: ∫f(x)±g(x)dx=∫f(x)dx±∫g(x)dx=21(∫u1du+∫u2+u+1−u−1du+∫(u2+u+1)2−u−1du)
∫u1du=ln∣u∣
∫u2+u+1−u−1du=−21ln4u2+4u+4−31arctan(31(2u+1))
∫(u2+u+1)2−u−1du=−8(−4(4u2+4u+4)1−2431(2arctan(31(2u+1))+sin(2arctan(31(2u+1)))))−332(2arctan(32u+1)+sin(2arctan(32u+1)))
=21(ln∣u∣−21ln4u2+4u+4−31arctan(31(2u+1))−8(−4(4u2+4u+4)1−2431(2arctan(31(2u+1))+sin(2arctan(31(2u+1)))))−332(2arctan(32u+1)+sin(2arctan(32u+1))))
代用を戻す u=x2=21lnx2−21ln4(x2)2+4x2+4−31arctan(31(2x2+1))−8−4(4(x2)2+4x2+4)1−2431(2arctan(31(2x2+1))+sin(2arctan(31(2x2+1))))−332(2arctan(32x2+1)+sin(2arctan(32x2+1)))
簡素化 21lnx2−21ln4(x2)2+4x2+4−31arctan(31(2x2+1))−8−4(4(x2)2+4x2+4)1−2431(2arctan(31(2x2+1))+sin(2arctan(31(2x2+1))))−332(2arctan(32x2+1)+sin(2arctan(32x2+1))):−41ln4x4+4x2+4−631arctan(31(2x2+1))+631sin(2arctan(31(2x2+1)))−332arctan(32x2+1)−331sin(2arctan(32x2+1))+ln(x)+4(x4+x2+1)1
=−41ln4x4+4x2+4−631arctan(31(2x2+1))+631sin(2arctan(31(2x2+1)))−332arctan(32x2+1)−331sin(2arctan(32x2+1))+ln(x)+4(x4+x2+1)1
定数を解答に追加する=−41ln4x4+4x2+4−631arctan(31(2x2+1))+631sin(2arctan(31(2x2+1)))−332arctan(32x2+1)−331sin(2arctan(32x2+1))+ln(x)+4(x4+x2+1)1+C